Reog (Ponorogo)

 
Reog is one of the cultural arts that originated from East Java and the north-west part Ponorogo Reog regarded as the true home town. The city gate was decorated by the figure Ponorogo Warok and gemblak, two figures who have appeared at the time reog performed. Reog is one of the local culture in Indonesia is still very thick with the smell of things mystical and powerful mysticism.

• History

Basically there are five versions of the popular story that develops in the community about the origins of Reog and Warok [1], but one of the most famous story is the story of the rebellion Ki Ageng Fleas, a royal servant during Bhre Kertabhumi, the last king of Majapahit power in the 15th century. Ki Ageng Fleas will anger the powerful influence of the Chinese partner in the government and its king, king of the corrupt behavior, he also saw that the power of the Majapahit Kingdom will be terminated. He then left the king and founded the university where he taught young children martial arts, science, self-immunity, and the science of perfection in the hope that these young children will be the seeds of revival again later Majapahit kingdom. Realizing that his forces were too small to fight the royal troops Ki Ageng the political message conveyed through the performing arts Flea Reog, which is a "hint" to the King and his kingdom Kertabumi Bra. Performances Reog become a way of Ki Ageng Flea build local resistance using Reog popularity.Reog barong masks are used as the closing attraction.

In the show displayed Reog shaped head of a lion mask, known as "Singa Barong", the king of the jungle, which became a symbol for Kertabumi, and above it is plugged in peacock feathers to resemble a giant fan that symbolized the powerful influence of his Chinese colleagues who manage the over all movement geriknya. Jatilan, played by a group of dancers gemblak a rocking-horse became a symbol of the power of the Majapahit Empire troops who became Warok contrast ratio with the power, behind the red clown mask that has become a symbol for Ki Ageng Fleas, alone and sustain the weight that reached more masks singabarong of 50kg using only his teeth [2]. Ki Ageng Reog popularity eventually caused Kertabumi Lice take action and attack perguruannya, a revolt by Warok quickly resolved, and forbidden to continue teaching college will Warok. But the disciples Ki Ageng lice continues it secretly. Even so, art is still allowed to own Reognya staged because the show has become popular among the public, but the way the story has added a new channel in which the characters from folklore Kelono Sewondono Ponorogo namely, the Goddess Songgolangit, and Sri Genthayu.

Official version of the story line Reog Ponorogo now is the story of King Ponorogo who intend to apply daughter Kediri, Dewi Ragil Yellow, but amid the journey he was intercepted by King Singabarong from Kediri. King Singabarong forces consist of peacocks and lions, while the part of the Kingdom of Ponorogo King and his Deputy Kelono Bujanganom, escorted by Warok (men dressed in black in the dance), and this Warok deadly black magic. The whole dance is a dance of war between the kingdom and the kingdom of Kediri Ponorogo, and pitted black magic between them, the dancers in a state of 'trance' when enacting the dance [3].
Until now, people just follow what Ponorogo into their heritage as a very rich cultural inheritance. In his experience art is copyright Reog human creations that form the flow of an existing trust from generation to generation and maintained. The ceremony also use terms that are not easy for common people to meet them without a clear lineage. Parental lineage they embrace and customary law which still applies.

• Performance Art Reog

Modern Reog usually performed in several events such as weddings, circumcisions and National holidays. Art Reog Ponorogo consists of several series of 2 to 3 dances opening. The first dance is usually performed by brave men with a 6-8 all-black clothes, with faces painted red. The dancer depicts the figure of a courageous lion. Next is a dance which was performed by 6-8 girls who boarded horses. In reog Traditionally, these dancers are usually played by male dancers who dressed women. This dance is called the braid horse dance, which should be distinguished from other dances are lumping horse dance. Other opening dance if there is usually a dance by a little boy who brought the funny scenes.
After the opening dance finished, the new core scenes whose content is displayed depends reog condition where art is displayed. If associated with the wedding scene shown is romance. To feast circumcision or circumcision, is usually a story of warriors,
Reog art scene in the scenario usually does not follow the well-organized. Here there is always interaction between the player and the puppeteer (usually the leader of the group) and sometimes with an audience. Sometimes a player's performances can be replaced by other players if the players are exhausted. More emphasis in the staging reog art is to give satisfaction to the audience.
Last scene is a lion barong, where the perpetrator wore a mask-shaped head of a lion with a crown made of peacock feathers. The weight of this mask can reach 50-60 kg. This heavy mask carried by the dancers with their teeth. The ability to bring this mask other than the weight gained by training, is also believed diproleh with spiritual exercises such as fasting and penance.

• Controversy

Similar dances are danced Reog Ponorogo in Malaysia called Dance Barongan [4]. This dance is also using a mask suddenly peacock, which is headed tiger mask on which there are peacock feathers. Descriptions and photographs of this dance is shown in the official website of the Ministry of Culture Arts and Heritage Malaysia.
Controversy arises because the sudden peacock mask to the official website there are the words "Malaysia", [5] [6] and is recognized as a heritage society from the Stone chisels, Johor and Selangor, Malaysia. This triggered protests of various parties in Indonesia, including artists Reog Ponorogo origin stating that copyright Reog art has been listed with the number 026,377 dated February 11, 2004, and thus known by the Minister of Justice and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia. [7] also found that information peacock suddenly visible on the official site is craftsman-made Ponorogo. [8] Thousands of artists Reog had demonstrated in front of the Malaysian Embassy in Jakarta. [9] The Indonesian government said it would investigate the matter further. [7]
In late November 2007, Malaysian Ambassador to Indonesia Datuk Zainal Abidin Muhammad Zain said that the Malaysian Government has never claimed Reog Ponorogo as the country's indigenous culture. Reog called "Barongan" in Malaysia can be found in Johor and Selangor, because Java was taken by the people who migrate to these countries [10].